返回列表 回復 發帖

電腦面臨的危害

Other Hazards  其他危害


    There are plenty of other hazards to computer systems and data besides criminals. They include the following:
    除了罪犯之外,電腦系統和數據還面臨大量其他的危害。這包括如下危害:

    ■ Natural Hazards  自然危害

    Natural forces include fires, floods, wind, hurricanes, tornadoes, and earthquakes. Even home computer users should store backup disks of programs and data in safe locations in case of fire or storm damage.
    大自然的力量包括火災、水災、風、颶風、龍捲風和地震。即使家用電腦用戶也應在安全地點保存程式與數據的備份磁片,以防火災或暴風的毀壞。


    ■ Civil Strife and Terrorism   內亂與恐怖主義

    Wars, riots, and other forms of political unrest are real risks in some parts of the world. Even people in developed countries, however, must be mindful that acts of sabotage are possible.
    戰爭、暴亂和其他形式的政治動盪在世界的某些地區是實實在在的威脅。然而,即使是發達國家的人們,也必須保持警惕,在他們國家也可能發生破壞行為。



    ■ Technological Failures   技術故障

    Hardware and software don’t always do what they are supposed to do. For instance, too little electricity, caused by a brownout or blackout, may cause the loss of data in primary storage. Too much electricity, as when lightning or other electrical disturbance affects a power line, may cause a voltage surge, or spike. This excess of electricity may destroy chips or other electronic components of a computer.
    硬體和軟體並不總是做它們該做的事。例如,電壓不足或斷電引起的電流過小,可能造成主記憶體中的數據丟失。電流過大,如閃電或其他電干擾影響輸電線時,可能造成電壓浪湧或形成電壓尖峰。這種電流過大可能毀壞電腦的晶片或其他電子元件。

    Most microcomputer users buy a surge protector, a device that separates the computer from the power source of the wall outlet. When avoltage surge oclearcase/" target="_blank" >ccurs, it activates a circuit breaker in the surge protector,protecting the computer system.
    大多數微機用戶購買浪湧電壓保護器,一種將電腦與壁裝電源插座的電源分開的設備。電壓浪湧發生時,就會啟動浪湧電壓保護器中的斷路器,從而保護電腦系統。


    Another technological catastrophe is when a hard-disk drive suddenly “crashes,” or fails, perhaps because it has been bumped inadvertently. If the user has forgotten to make backup copies of data on the hard disk, data may be lost.
    還有一種技術災禍:硬碟驅動器突然“崩潰”或出故障,原因可能是不小心的碰撞。如果用戶忘記在硬碟上備份數據,數據就可能丟失。


    ■ Human Errors   人為差錯


    Human mistakes are inevitable. Data-entry errors are probably the most commonplace. Programmer errors also occur frequently. Some
mistakes may result from faulty design, as when a software manufacturer makes a deletion command closely resembling another command. Some errors may be the result of sloppy procedures. One such example occurs when office workers keep important correspondence under filenames that no one else in the office knows.
    人為差錯不可避免。數據輸入錯誤或許是最常發生的。程式員錯誤也經常發生。有些錯誤可能是有毛病的設計所致,如軟體製造商將刪除命令設計得與另一個命令非常相似。有些錯誤可能起因於馬虎的操作步驟。辦公室工作人員將重要函件保存在辦公室其他人不知道的檔案名下,就是這樣的一個例子。
返回列表